Generally, no. Under R.I. Gen. Laws § 31-27-2(c)(1), evidence that you refused a chemical test is not admissible in the criminal DUI trial unless you choose to testify. If you take the stand, the prosecution may be able to bring the refusal up. The refusal is still prosecuted on its own as a separate civil case at the Rhode Island Traffic Tribunal, with its own license suspension and fines. Whether to testify is one of the key decisions a DUI lawyer helps you make, partly because of this rule.
